Numerical assessment of tsunami attack on a rubble mound breakwater using OpenFOAM®     

《Applied Ocean Research》2018

A numerical assessment study of tsunami attack on the rubble mound breakwater of Haydarpasa Port, located at the southern entrance of the Istanbul Bosphorus Strait in the Sea of Marmara, Turkey, is carried out in this study using a Volume-Averaged Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes solver, IHFOAM, developed in OpenFOAM^® environment. The numerical model is calibrated with and validated against the data from solitary wave and tsunami overflow experiments representing tsunami attack. Furthermore, attack of a potential tsunami near Haydarpasa Port is simulated to investigate effects of a more realistic tsunami that cannot be generated in a wave flume with the present state of the art technology. Discussions on practical engineering applications of this type of numerical modeling studies are given focusing on pressure distributions around the crown-wall of the rubble mound breakwater, and the forces acting on the single stone located behind the crown-wall at the rear side of the breakwater. Numerical modeling of stability/failure mechanism of the overall cross-section is studied throughout the paper.The present study shows that hydrodynamics along the wave flume and over the breakwater can be simulated properly for both solitary wave and tsunami overflow experiments. Stability of the overall cross-section can only be simulated qualitatively for solitary wave cases; on the other hand, the effect of the time elapsed during tsunami overflow cannot be reflected in the simulations using the present numerical tool. However, the stability of the overall cross-section under tsunami overflow is assessed by evaluating forces acting on the rear side armor unit supporting the crown-wall of the rubble mound breakwater as a practical engineering application in the present paper. Furthermore, two non-dimensional parameters are derived to discuss the stability of this armor unit; and thus, the stability condition of the overall cross-section. Approximate threshold values for these non-dimensional parameters are presented comparing experimental and numerical results as a starting point for engineers in practice. Finally, investigations on the solitary wave and tsunami overflow experiments/simulations are extended to the potential tsunami simulation in the scope of both representation of a realistic tsunami in a wave flume and stability of the rubble mound breakwater.  相似文献   

基于ROMS和4DVAR的沿轨与网格化SSH数据同化效果评价   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

周超杰  丁效华  张杰  杨俊刚  马强 《海洋学报(英文版)》2018,37(9):50-58

Remote sensing products are significant in the data assimilation of an ocean model. Considering the resolution and space coverage of different remote sensing data, two types of sea surface height(SSH) product are employed in the assimilation, including the gridded products from AVISO and the original along-track observations used in the generation. To explore their impact on the assimilation results, an experiment focus on the South China Sea(SCS) is conducted based on the Regional Ocean Modeling System(ROMS) and the four-dimensional variational data assimilation(4 DVAR) technology. The comparison with EN4 data set and Argo profile indicates that, the along-track SSH assimilation result presents to be more accurate than the gridded SSH assimilation, because some noises may have been introduced in the merging process. Moreover, the mesoscale eddy detection capability of the assimilation results is analyzed by a vector geometry–based algorithm. It is verified that, the assimilation of the gridded SSH shows superiority in describing the eddy's characteristics, since the complete structure of the ocean surface has been reconstructed by the original data merging.  相似文献   

礁坪上波浪传播的数值模拟     

何栋彬  房克照  孙家文  刘忠波 《海洋通报》2018,(2):129-138

本文基于具备间断捕捉能力的二阶全非线性Boussinesq数值模型,对规则波和随机波在礁坪地形上的传播变形进行了数值模拟。该模型采用高阶有限体积法和有限差分方法求解守恒格式的控制方程,将波浪破碎视为间断,同时采用静态重构技术处理了海岸动边界问题。重点针对礁坪上波浪传播过程中的波高空间分布和沿程衰减,礁坪上的平均水位变化,以及波浪能量频谱的移动和空间差异等典型水动力现象开展数值计算。将数值结果与实验结果对比,两者吻合情况良好,验证了模型具有良好的稳定性,具备模拟破碎波浪和海-岸动边界的能力,能较为准确地模拟波浪在礁坪地形上的传播过程中发生的各种水动力现象。  相似文献   

圆形数值波浪水池斜向和多向入射波浪模拟研究     

任兴月  陶军  彭伟 《海洋工程》2018,36(4):78-87

为了研究斜向入射波浪,基于三维不可压缩两相流模型,开发了一套圆形数值波浪水池数值模型。在圆形波浪水池中,通过源项造波法成功生成了任意入射方向的波浪,并且利用人工摩擦项模拟阻尼区以数值耗散反射波浪。模型基于嵌入式多块网格体系,采用FVM法(finite volume method)离散Navier-Stokes方程,VOF法(volume of fluid)追踪自由水面。试验结果表明,斜向入射波浪的模拟结果与理论值基本一致,圆形波浪水池在模拟斜向入射波浪时,有效区域的面积较传统波浪水池显著增大,而且有效区域受波浪入射角度的影响也较小。同时,通过叠加多列斜向入射波浪,模拟出了多向交叉波列,并通过与理论结果对比,发现其具有较高的精度。  相似文献   

基于星载红外辐射计的北极海表温度数据对比分析     

张精英  孙伟富  张杰  孟俊敏  马毅 《海洋科学》2018,42(11):1-12

本文基于2016年MODIS(ModerateResolutionImagingSpectroradiometer)-Aqua、MODIS-Terra和VIIRS(Visible Infrared Imager Radiometer Suite)三种红外辐射计的海表面温度(Sea Surface Temperature,SST)数据,统计了北极地区红外SST1月和7月的覆盖率及有效覆盖天数,并与Argo(Arrayfor Real-timeGeostrophicOceanography)浮标数据进行了匹配验证,直观获取北极SST误差分布情况并研究SST遥感观测能力,为更好地了解北极地区从而应对气候变化提供一定的资料基础。结果表明,北极地区红外辐射计SST数据7月的覆盖率和有效观测天数均高于1月,1月三种数据相差不大,7月VIIRS的覆盖率和有效观测天数均优于MODIS-Aqua和MODIS-Terra,联合三种红外辐射计的覆盖率和有效观测天数相较于单星有所增加, 1月覆盖率最高为8%, 7月最高接近70%,表明多星联合探测是提高北极地区SST数据覆盖率和观测天数的有效方法;北极地区SST数据的误差普遍高于全球总体水平, VIIRS白天、夜间的均方根误差(E_(rms))均低于MODIS-Aqua和MODIS-Terra, MODIS-Aqua白天SST的E_(rms)高于MODIS-Terra,夜间则低于MODIS-Terra。综合来看, VIIRS在北极的覆盖率、有效观测天数及与浮标的匹配结果在三种红外辐射计中为最优。  相似文献   

基于MISR多角度光学遥感影像的海面风速估算实验          下载免费PDF全文

王艺霖  王晓林  张华国 《海洋学研究》2018,36(2):19-26

太阳耀光是来自粗糙海面的直接太阳反射光,其强度与海面粗糙度密切相关,而海面粗糙度主要受海面风场影响。因此,包含太阳耀光信息的光学遥感影像在海洋动力过程和海面风速探测中具有积极意义。本文利用2016年2月到2017年3月期间成像的25幅Terra卫星MISR(Multi-angle Imaging Spectro Radiometer)传感器的多角度遥感影像,分别提取了太阳的高度角和方位角、正视和后视影像的卫星观测角、方位角等信息,校正获得正视和后视影像的太阳耀光辐射强度,进一步反演海表面粗糙度信息,进而计算海面风速。最后利用ECMWF(European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts)的模式风速数据与反演获得的风速结果进行对比验证。结果表明,两者的相关系数较高(R=0.745),均方根误差和平均绝对偏差值分别为1.514 m·s^-1和1.319 m·s^-1。初步实验结果表明,利用MISR多角度光学遥感影像估算海表面风速是可行性的。  相似文献   

常Q滞弹性介质地震波动数值模拟——时域本构优化逼近          下载免费PDF全文

谢志南  郑永路  章旭斌 《地球物理学报》2018,61(10):4007-4020

在地震波动模拟中计入常Q滞弹性阻尼，可有效降低模拟波形的误差.就时域有限差分和有限元模拟而言，常基于广义标准线性体建立阻尼介质的时域本构逼近.广义标准线性体由若干标准线性体并联得到，增加标准线性体个数能有效提高模拟精度，但计算量及计算存储将成倍增长.目前尚未有普适的标准线性体个数优化取值方案.本文基于广义标准线性体参数的非线性优化拟合方法，详细分析了时域本构逼近误差的影响因素，清楚揭示了逼近误差仅取决于频带宽度，与频带上下限取值无关这一特性，阐明了构建具有普适性标准线性体个数优化取值方案的可行性.论证了波形模拟精度主要取决于波传播距离与模拟波长的比值以及标准线性体的个数取值.综合考虑上述两个控制因素，结合在波动正反演问题中广为采纳的波形时频误差衡量准则，对不同Q值介质给出了标准线性体个数优化取值表.进一步，本文提出采用不同个数标准线性体以近似不同Q值的阻尼介质时域本构，解决了以往波动数值模拟中统一采用相同个数标准线性体而导致的计算量及计算存储浪费或模拟精度低下等问题，并基于数值实验验证了这一方法的精度.本文工作对推进滞弹性介质波动数值模拟及其在全波形反演问题中的应用具有理论价值和实践意义.  相似文献   

Consistency of precipitation products over the Arabian Peninsula and interactions with soil moisture and water storage     

Youssef Wehbe  Marouane Temimi  Dawit T. Ghebreyesus  Adam Milewski  Hamid Norouzi  Elsy Ibrahim 《水文科学杂志》2018,63(3):408-425

The regional-scale consistency between four precipitation products from the GPCC, TRMM, WM, and CMORPH datasets over the Arabian Peninsula was assessed. Their macroscale relationships were inter-compared with soil moisture and total water storage (TWS) estimates from AMSR-E and GRACE. The consistency analysis was studied with multivariate statistical hypothesis testing and Pearson correlation metrics for the period from January 2000 to December 2010. The products and GRACE estimates were assessed over a representative sub-domain (United Arab Emirates) with available in situ well observations. Next, geographically temporally weighted regression (GTWR) was employed to examine the interdependencies among the peninsula’s hydrological components. The results showed GPCC-TRMM recording the highest correlation (0.85) with insignificant mean differences over more than 90% of the peninsula. The highest GTWR predictive performance of TWS (R² = 0.84) was achieved with TRMM forcing, which indicates its potential to monitor changes in TWS over the arid peninsular region.  相似文献   

Analytic wave series solution of out-of-plane(SH) waves diffraction by an almost semi-circular shallow cylindrical hill          下载免费PDF全文

Chunyang Ji  Vincent Lee 《地震科学（英文版）》2018,31(3):154-165

A closed-form wave equation analytic solution of two-dimensional scattering and diffraction of outof-plane(SH) waves by an almost semi-circular shallow cylindrical hill on a flat, elastic and homogeneous half space is proposed by applying the discrete Fourier series expansions of sine and cosine functions. The semi-circular hill problem is discussed as a special case for the new formulated equation.Compared with the previous semi-circular cases solutions, the present method can give surface displacement amplitudes which agrees well with previous results. Although the proposed equation can only solve the problem of SH-waves diffracted by almost semi-circular shallow hills, the stress and displacement residual amplitudes are numerical insignificantly everywhere. Moreover, the influences of the depth-towidth ratio(a parameter defined in this paper to evaluate the shallowness of the topography of hills) on ground motions are presented and summarized. The limitations and errors of truncation from Graf's addition theorem and Fourier series equations in the present paper are also discussed.  相似文献   

华南陆缘高热流区的壳幔温度结构与动力学背景          下载免费PDF全文

张健  王蓓羽  唐显春  董淼  艾依飞 《地球物理学报》2018,61(10):3917-3932

华南陆缘是我国重要的矿产、地热资源区.晚中生代以来，在太平洋板块西向俯冲，地幔热对流活动共同作用下，该区出现多期岩浆-热事件和大规模爆发式成矿作用.在前人研究基础上，本文利用地表热流观测资料、地震剪切波资料、重力位球谐系数，计算了壳-幔温度结构，分析了动力学背景.计算结果表明：华南陆缘东南沿海地带，地壳10 km以浅温度达200℃以上，居里点温度475℃，莫霍面平均温度550℃.地壳浅层较热，花岗岩中放射性元素衰变放热是地壳浅层地下水热活动的重要热源，但地壳总体温度不高，为"冷壳热幔"型热结构.地幔中，90 km深度，温度950~1250℃；120 km深度，温度1050~1400℃；150 km深度，温度1200~1450℃；220 km深度，温度1500~1700℃."热"岩石圈底界深度在110~150 km之间，西深东浅.岩石圈内，地幔应力场为挤压-伸展相间格局；岩石圈之下，地幔应力场为一个以南昌为中心、长轴NE-SW向的椭圆.分析认为，晚中生代以来，太平洋板块的西向俯冲，导致华南陆缘在区域性SE向地幔对流背景上叠加局域性不稳定热扰动，在175~85Ma期间，上地幔物质向上流动，形成不同的岩浆活动高峰期.同时，岩石圈地幔受俯冲洋壳流体的影响，含水量高，黏度小，在地幔流切向应力场作用下，岩石圈底界由西向东"波浪"状减薄.现今岩石圈之下仍具备地幔小尺度热对流温度条件，但除地表浅层外，地壳整体温度不高，岩石圈构造稳定.  相似文献